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<>C语言版学生成绩管理系统
教材里的，要提交实验报告，能实现以下功能。
#include "stdio.h" #include "stdlib.h" #include "string.h" #define MAX_LRN 10 #
define STU_NUM 30 #define COURSE_NUM 6 typedef struct student { long num; char
name[MAX_LRN]; float score[COURSE_NUM]; float sum; float aver; }STU; int Menu(
void); void ReadScore(STU stu[],int n,int m); void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu
[],int n ,int m); void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n ,int m); void
SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(*compare)(float a,float b)); int
Ascending(float a,float b); int Descending(float a,float b); void SwapFloat(
float *x,float *y); void SwapLong (long*x,long*y); void SwapChar(char x[],char y
[]); void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m); void SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,
int m); void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m); void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int
n,int m); void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m); void PrintScore(STU
stu[],int n,int m); void WritetoFile(STU record[],int n,int m); void
ReadfromFile(STU record[],int *n,int *m); int main(void) { char ch; int n = 0,m
= 0; STU stu[STU_NUM]; printf("Input student number(n<%d):",STU_NUM); scanf("%d"
,&n); printf("Input course number(m<=%d):",COURSE_NUM); scanf("%d",&m); while(1)
{ ch = Menu(); switch(ch) { case 1:ReadScore(stu, n ,m); break; case 2:
AverSumofEveryCourse(stu,n,m); break; case 3:AverSumofEveryStudent(stu,n,m);
break; case 4:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,Descending); printf("\nSort in descending
order by score:\n"); PrintScore(stu,n,m); break; case 5:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,
Ascending); printf("\nSort in ascending order by score:\n"); PrintScore(stu,n,m)
; break; case 6:AsSortbyNum(stu,n,m); printf("\nSort in ascending order by
number:\n"); PrintScore(stu,n,m); break; case 7:SortbyName(stu,n,m); printf(
"\nSort in dictionary order by name:\n"); PrintScore(stu,n,m); break; case 8:
SearchbyNum (stu,n,m); break; case 9:SearchbyName(stu,n,m); break; case 10:
StatisticAnalysis(stu,n,m); break; case 11:PrintScore(stu,n,m); break; case 12:
WritetoFile(stu,n,m); break; case 13:ReadfromFile(stu,&n,&m); break; case 0:
printf("End of program!"); exit (0); default:printf("Input error!"); } } return
0; } //函数功能：显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项 int Menu(void) { int itemSelected; printf(
"Management for Students'scores\n"); printf("1.Input record\n"); printf(
"2.Calculate total and average score of every course\n"); printf("3.Calculate
total and average score of every student\n"); printf("4.Sort in descending
order by score\n"); printf("5.Sort in ascending order by score\n"); printf(
"6.Sort in ascending order by number\n"); printf("7.Sort in dictionary order by
name\n"); printf("8.Search by number\n"); printf("9.Search by name\n"); printf(
"10.Statistic analysis\n"); printf("11.List record\n"); printf("12.Write to a
file\n"); printf("13.Read from a file\n"); printf("0.Exit\n"); printf("Please
Input your choice:"); scanf("%d",&itemSelected); //读入用户输入 return itemSelected; }
//函数功能：输入n个学生m门课成绩 void ReadScore (STU stu[],int n,int m) { int i,j; printf(
"Input student's ID,name and score:\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) { scanf("%ld%s",&stu[i
].num,stu[i].name); for(j=0;j<m;j++) { scanf("%f",&stu[i].score[j]); } } }
//函数功能：计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分 void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[],int n ,int m) {
int i,j; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { stu[i].sum = 0 ; for(j=0;j<m;j++) { stu[i].sum = stu
[i].sum+stu[i].score[j]; } stu[i].aver=m>0?stu[i].sum/m : -1; printf("student
%d:sum = %.0f,aver = %.0f\n", i+1,stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver ); } }
//函数功能：计算每门课程的总分和平均分 void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n,int m) { int i,j;
float sum[COURSE_NUM],aver[COURSE_NUM]; for(j=0;j<m;j++) { sum[j]=0; for (i=0;i<
n;i++) { sum[j]=sum[j]+stu[i].score[j]; } aver[j] =n>0? sum[j]/n:-1; printf(
"course %d:sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n",j+1,sum[j],aver[j]); } }
//函数功能：按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序 void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(* compare)(
float a,float b)) { int i,j,k,t; for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) { k=i; for (j=i+1;j<n;j++) {
if((* compare)(stu[j].sum,stu[k].sum))k=j; } if(k!=i) { for (t=0;t<m;t++)
//交换m门课程的成绩 { SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[t],&stu[i].score[t]); } SwapFloat(&stu[k].
sum,&stu[i].sum); //交换总分 SwapFloat(&stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver); //交换平均分 SwapLong(
&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num); //交换学号 SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name); //交换姓名 } } }
//使数据按升序排序 int Ascending(float a,float b) { return a<b; //这样比较决定了按升序排列，如果a<b，则交换
} //使数据按降序排序 int Descending(float a,float b) { return a>b;
//这样比较决定了按降序排列，如果a>b，则交换 } //交换两个单精度浮点型数据 void SwapFloat(float *x,float *y) {
float temp; temp = *x; *x = *y; *y =temp; } //交换两个长整型数据 void SwapLong(long *x,
long *y) { long temp; temp = *x; *x = *y; *y=temp; } //交换两个字符串 void SwapChar(
char x[],char y[]) { char temp[MAX_LRN]; strcpy(temp,x); strcpy(x,y); strcpy(y,
temp); } //函数功能：按选择法将数组NUM的元素值按从低到高排序 void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m) {
int i,j,k,t; for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) { k=i; for (j=i+1;j<n;j++) { if(stu[j].num<stu[k
].num) k=j; } if(k!=i) { for(t=0;t<m;t++) //交换m门课程的成绩 { SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[
t],&stu[i].score[t]); } SwapFloat(&stu[k].sum,&stu[i].sum); //交换总分 SwapFloat(&
stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver); //交换平均分 SwapLong(&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num); //交换学号
SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name); //交换姓名 } } } //函数功能：交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序 void
SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m) { int i,j,t; for (i=0;i<n-1;i++) { for(j=i+1;j
<n;j++) { if(strcmp (stu[j].name,stu[i].name)<0) { for (t=0;t<m;t++) //交换m门课程的成绩
{ SwapFloat(&stu[i].score[t],&stu[j].score[t]); } SwapFloat(&stu[i].sum,&stu[j].
sum); //交换总分 SwapFloat(&stu[i].aver,&stu[j].aver); //交换平均分 SwapLong(&stu[i].num,
&stu[j].num); //交换学号 SwapChar(stu[i].name,stu[j].name); //交换姓名 } } } }
//函数功能：按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果 void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m) { long number;
int i,j; printf("Input the number you want to search:"); scanf("%ld",&number);
for(i=0;i<n;i++) { if(stu[i].num == number) { printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[
i].name); for (j=0;j<m;j++) { printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]); } printf(
"%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver); return; } } printf("\nNot founf!\n"); }
//函数功能：按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表 void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m) { char x[MAX_LRN];
int i,j; printf("Input the name you want to search:"); scanf("%s",x); for (i=0;i
<n;i++) { if(strcmp(stu[i].name,x) == 0) { printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].
name); for(j=0;j<m;j++) { printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]); } printf(
"%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver); return; } } printf("\nNot found!\n"); }
//函数功能：统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比 void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m) { int i,
j,t[6]; for(j=0;j<m;j++) { printf("For course %d:\n",j+1); memset(t,0,sizeof(t))
; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { if (stu[i].score[j]>=0 && stu[i].score[j]<60) t[0]++; else
if(stu[i].score[j]<70) t[1]++; else if(stu[i].score[j]<80) t[2]++; else if(stu[i
].score[j]<90) t[3]++; else if(stu[i].score[j]<100) t[4]++; else if(stu[i].score
[j]==100) t[5]++; } for(i=0;i<=5;i++) { if(i==0)printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%% \n",t[i]
,(float)t[i]/n*100); else if(i==5)printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%% \n", (i+5)*10,t[i],(
float)t[i]/n*100); else printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n",(i+5)*10,(i+5)*10+9, t[i],(
float)t[i]/n*100); } } } //函数功能：打印学生成绩 void PrintScore(STU stu[],int n,int m ) {
int i,j; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name); for (j=0
;j<m;j++) { printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]); } printf("%.0f\t%0f\n",stu[i].sum,
stu[i].aver); } } //输入n个学生的学号、姓名及m门课程的成绩到文件 student。txt中 void WritetoFile(STU
stu[],int n,int m) { FILE *fp; int i,j; if((fp=fopen("student.txt","w")) ==NULL)
{ printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n"); exit(0); } fprintf(fp,"%d\t%d\n",n,m);
for (i=0;i<n;i++) { fprintf(fp,"%10ld%10s",stu[i].num,stu[i].name); for (j=0;j<m
;j++) { fprintf(fp,"%10.0f",stu[i].score[j]); } fprintf(fp,"%10.0f%10.0f\n",stu[
i].sum,stu[i].aver); } fclose(fp); } //从文件中读取学生的学号、姓名及成绩等信息写入到结构体数组stu中 void
ReadfromFile(STU stu[],int *n,int *m) { FILE *fp; int i,j; if((fp = fopen(
"student.txt","r")) == NULL) { printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n"); exit(0);
} fscanf(fp,"%d\t%d",n,m); //从文件中读出学生人数和课程门数 for (i=0;i<*n;i++)
//学生人数保存在n指向的存储单元 { fscanf(fp,"%10ld",&stu[i].num); fscanf(fp,"%10s",stu[i].name
); for (j=0;j<*m;j++) //课程门数保存在m指向的存储单元 { fscanf(fp,"%10f",&stu[i].score[j]); }
fscanf(fp,"%10f%10f",&stu[i].sum,&stu[i].aver); } fclose(fp); }