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一、交换机类型
1.扇形交换机
扇形交换机是最基本的交换机，它的作用是广播消息，把能接收到的消息全部发送给绑定在自己身上的队列，因为广播不需要思考，所以扇形交换机处理消息的速度也是所有交换机类型里面最快的
2.直连交换机
将消息推送到binding key与该消息的routing key相同的队列
直连交换机x上绑定了两个队列，第一个列队绑定了绑定键orange，第二个队列有两个绑定键：black和green。在这种情况下，一个消息在布时指定了路由键为orange将会只被路由到列队q1，路由键为black和green的消息都将被路由到队列q2，其他的消息都将被丢失
3.主题交换机
二、交换机代码
1.直连交换机
①创建配置类DirectConfig（创建交换机，队列，进行绑定）
package com.example.provider.mq; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import
org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @author 小宝的宝 */ @Configuration
@SuppressWarnings("all") public class DirectConfig { /** * 创建队列 * @return */
@Bean public Queue directQueueA(){ return new Queue("directQueueA",true); }
@Bean public Queue directQueueB(){ return new Queue("directQueueB",true); }
@Bean public Queue directQueueC(){ return new Queue("directQueueC",true); } /**
* 创建交换机 */ @Bean public DirectExchange directExchange(){ return new
DirectExchange("directExchange"); } @Bean public Binding bindingA(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(directQueueA()).to(directExchange()).with("AA"); } @Bean
public Binding bindingB(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(directQueueB()).to(directExchange()).with("BB"); } @Bean
public Binding bindingC(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(directQueueC()).to(directExchange()).with("CC"); } }
②创建controller层模拟发送消息
package com.example.provider; import
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author 小宝的宝 */
@RestController public class providerController { @Autowired private
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @RequestMapping("/sendDirect") public String
sendDirect(String routingKey){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("directExchange",routingKey,"Hello"); return
"yes"; } }
③运行结果 出现三个列队
④在消费者中创建接收者类，需要一直运行，表示一直处于接收状态
分别监听队列ABC
⑤启动消费者就可以接收消息啦
2.主题交换机
①创建主题交换机的配置类
定义key的规则并与交换机进行绑定
package com.example.provider.mq; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @author 小宝的宝 */
@Configuration @SuppressWarnings("all") public class TopicConfig { public final
static String KEY_A="*.black.*"; public final static String KEY_B="*.ribbit.#";
public final static String KEY_C="#.lazy"; /** * 创建队列 * @return */ @Bean public
Queue topicQueueA(){ return new Queue("topicQueueA",true); } @Bean public Queue
topicQueueB(){ return new Queue("topicQueueB",true); } @Bean public Queue
topicQueueC(){ return new Queue("topicQueueC",true); } /** * 创建交换机 */ @Bean
public TopicExchange topicExchange(){ return new
TopicExchange("topicExchange"); } @Bean public Binding topicbindingA(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueA()).to(topicExchange()).with(KEY_A); } @Bean
public Binding topicbindingB(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueB()).to(topicExchange()).with(KEY_B); } @Bean
public Binding topicbindingC(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueC()).to(topicExchange()).with(KEY_C); } }
②在消费者中创建主题队列的接收者并监听队列
③在controller层中定义发消息的方法
@RequestMapping("/sendTopic") public String sendTopic(String routingKey){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange",routingKey,"Hello"); return
"yes"; }
④运行方法
3.扇形交换机
交换机绑定队列时不需要绑定键
①.配置类（新建队列和交换机并将他们绑定）
package com.example.provider.mq; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange; import
org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @author 小宝的宝 */
@Configuration @SuppressWarnings("all") public class FanoutConfig { /** * 创建队列
* @return */ @Bean public Queue fanoutQueueA(){ return new
Queue("fanoutQueueA",true); } @Bean public Queue fanoutQueueB(){ return new
Queue("fanoutQueueB",true); } @Bean public Queue fanoutQueueC(){ return new
Queue("fanoutQueueC",true); } /** * 创建交换机 */ @Bean public FanoutExchange
fanoutExchange(){ return new FanoutExchange("fanoutExchange"); } @Bean public
Binding fanoutbindingA(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueA()).to(fanoutExchange()); } @Bean public
Binding fanoutbindingB(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueB()).to(fanoutExchange()); } @Bean public
Binding fanoutbindingC(){ return
BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueC()).to(fanoutExchange()); } }
注意：交换机与列队绑定时，方法名不能与其他的重复
②controller层方法
@RequestMapping("/sendFanout") public String sendFanout(){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange",null,"Hello"); return "yes"; }
③重新启动运行controller方法
可看到与三个队列绑定
④消费者模块创建接收类
⑤启动消费者
接收到消息